A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

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What was one criticism of Baron-Cohen et al.'s study?

Excessive reliance on qualitative data
Relatively small sample size
Uncontrolled variables influencing results
Inconsistent definitions of autism

The correct answer is: Relatively small sample size

Baron-Cohen et al.'s study, which investigated the theory of mind in individuals with autism, faced criticism regarding the relatively small sample size. A small sample can limit the generalizability of the findings, as it may not adequately represent the wider population of individuals with autism. This issue can affect the reliability of the conclusions drawn, as a limited number of participants reduces the statistical power of the study. Thus, the findings may not provide an accurate or comprehensive understanding of the characteristics and cognitive abilities of all individuals with autism. While other criticisms may also be valid, such as potential uncontrolled variables or inconsistencies in defining autism, the concern about the small sample size stands out in research, as it directly impacts the robustness of the study's conclusions and their applicability to the broader population.