A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

What does Ainsworth and Bell conclude about the mother's presence in a strange situation?

1. It decreases attachment behaviour.

2. It encourages babies to explore.

3. It has no effect on attachment behaviour.

4. It increases fearfulness in babies.

The correct answer is: It encourages babies to explore.

Ainsworth and Bell's research regarding the strange situation concluded that the presence of a mother encourages babies to explore their environment. In their study, they observed how infants interacted with their mothers in a controlled setting that introduced a stranger and a series of separations and reunions. When the mother was present, infants exhibited more exploratory behavior, demonstrating that a secure attachment fosters confidence and curiosity. This finding is consistent with Bowlby’s attachment theory, which posits that a secure base provided by the caregiver enhances an infant's willingness to venture out and engage with their surroundings, knowing they have the support of their caregiver. Therefore, the correct choice reflects the concept that a mother's presence significantly promotes exploration in children, underpinned by a sense of security in the attachment relationship.